By Princess Kelelo PM Dhlamini
In African culture, storytelling is an integral part of childhood, often taking place around the fire. This traditional setting fosters a sense of community and warmth, as children gather to listen to tales of folklore, mythology, and everyday life. For an African child, memories of reading storybooks around the fire might evoke a sense of wonder and excitement.
In Africa, storytelling through reading books together is a tradition that passes down cultural values, history, and moral lessons from one generation to the next. Children gather around the fire to listen to stories of ancestral spirits, mythical creatures, and legendary heroes. These stories not only entertain but also educate children about their cultural heritage and the importance of community.
African children’s literature is rich and diverse, reflecting the continent’s cultural and linguistic heritage. These stories often feature themes of family, community, and cultural identity, which resonate with children’s experiences and foster a sense of belonging.
For an African, reading storybooks around the fire is an immersive experience that combines the thrill of storytelling with the warmth and security of community. The flickering flames cast shadows on the faces of listeners, bringing the stories to life. The experience is not just about reading; it’s about sharing, bonding, and creating memories that last a lifetime.
In this setting, everyone developed a love for reading and storytelling, which shaped their imagination, creativity, and critical thinking skills. We all could even apply these skills to navigate the complexities of life, informed by the wisdom and values of their cultural heritage. The experience of reading around the fire is a treasured memory that Africa could have cherished forever.
In Africa, a reading culture is an environment where reading is valued, promoted, and encouraged. Unfortunately, many African countries struggle to foster a strong reading culture, with low reading rates across all age groups. Several factors contribute to this challenge.
Limited access to reading materials is a significant obstacle. Many households in Africa cannot afford to buy books and other reading materials for leisure reading, making it challenging to develop and instil a reading culture in children. Socio-economic challenges also play a role, as people may prioritise basic needs over reading. Furthermore, reading is not always promoted and encouraged in African communities, which can contribute to a lack of interest in reading.
Despite these challenges, efforts are underway to promote reading cultures in Africa. Initiatives like the National Reading Barometer project aim to describe adult reading culture and the broader reading ecosystem, providing insights into reading behaviours, social norms, and attitudes. Organisations and governments are also implementing literacy interventions to improve reading skills and promote a culture of reading. Researchers are studying African reading cultures to better understand how to promote reading.
In the past, reading was considered a safe and enriching activity that broadened one’s perspective, sparked imagination, and fostered empathy. However, the digital revolution has dramatically altered the reading landscape, transforming it into a complex and potentially hazardous terrain. The content that people consume daily has become a significant concern, raising questions about the impact on individuals’ mental and emotional well-being.
Traditionally, reading was a revered activity that allowed individuals to escape into different worlds, explore new ideas, and gain valuable insights. People would immerse themselves in books, newspapers, and magazines, absorbing knowledge and expanding their understanding of the world. The written word was a trusted source of information, and readers approached it with a sense of curiosity and respect.
African reading has a rich and diverse history, with authors who have made significant contributions to the world of reading and beyond. From self-help pioneers to social commentators, African authors have used their words to inspire, educate, and challenge societal norms.
Some African authors have complex or problematic legacies, reflecting the complexities of their time and work. For example, Chinua Achebe’s work is celebrated for its portrayal of Igbo culture, but some critics have argued that his work also perpetuates certain stereotypes and biases. The legacy of colonialism in African reading is another area of complexity, with some authors being criticised for their portrayal of colonialism and its legacy.
The rise of digital media has revolutionised the way people consume written content. The internet and social media have made it possible for anyone to become a publisher, sharing their thoughts, opinions, and experiences with a global audience. While this has democratised access to information and provided a platform for diverse voices, it has also created a chaotic and often toxic environment.
The digital age has given rise to toxic content that can be detrimental to readers’ mental and emotional health. Social media platforms, blogs, and online news sites often prioritise sensationalism and clickbait headlines over fact-based reporting and thoughtful analysis. This can lead to a culture of outrage, anxiety, and fear, as people become increasingly polarised and susceptible to misinformation.
The constant exposure to disturbing and provocative content can have a profound impact on individuals’ mental health. The anxiety and stress caused by consuming negative news and social media posts can lead to feelings of overwhelm, hopelessness, and despair. Often, unrealistic portrayals of others’ lives on social media can foster unrealistic expectations, low self-esteem, and a sense of inadequacy.
The digital age has also contributed to the erosion of critical thinking skills. With the abundance of information available online, people are often forced to make snap judgements and react impulsively to sensational headlines. This has given birth to the lack of reading and the subsequent loss of critical thinking skills, with significant consequences on individuals, communities, and society as a whole.
We are witnessing limited knowledge and understanding, poor decision-making, and decreased empathy and understanding. When individuals do not read, they are not exposed to different perspectives, ideas, and arguments that help develop critical thinking skills. This can lead to a lack of awareness of important issues, historical context, and cultural nuances, ultimately resulting in poorly informed decisions.
Moreover, the loss of critical thinking skills can have devastating consequences, including manipulation and misinformation, lack of innovation and problem-solving, polarisation and division, and disengagement from civic life. Without critical thinking skills, individuals may be more susceptible to manipulation and misinformation, leading to poor decision-making and a lack of autonomy. Critical thinking is essential for innovation and problem-solving, and without it, individuals and communities may struggle to find creative solutions to complex problems.
Individuals who do not read and lack critical thinking skills may become more entrenched in their views, leading to polarisation and division. Furthermore, critical thinking is essential for informed civic engagement, and without it, individuals may disengage from civic life, leading to a lack of accountability and representation.
The lack of reading and the loss of critical thinking skills have significant consequences on individuals, communities, and society as a whole. We have seen proof in social ills like xenophobia, tribalism, and a lack of understanding of the concept of diversity. It is essential to promote reading and critical thinking to empower individuals and communities to make informed decisions and engage in civic life.
In today’s world, where digital has overpowered our traditional practices of reading books and all is done through the internet, it is essential for readers to be discerning and selective about the content they consume. People need to develop critical thinking skills, question information, and seek out diverse perspectives. By doing so, they can navigate the complex online environment and make informed decisions about the content they engage with.
It is crucial to strike a balance between online and offline activities. Engaging in activities that promote mental and emotional well-being, such as exercise, meditation, and socialising, can help counteract the stresses of digital consumption. Additionally, setting boundaries around screen time and prioritising face-to-face interactions can contribute to a healthier and more balanced lifestyle.
As the digital landscape continues to evolve, it is essential to consider the future of reading and its impact on individuals and society. By promoting media literacy, critical thinking, and discernment, we can empower readers to navigate the complex online environment and make informed choices about the content they consume. Ultimately, the goal is to create a reading culture that is both enriching and sustainable, allowing individuals to thrive in a rapidly changing world.
The reading culture has undergone a significant transformation in the digital age. While reading was once considered a safe and enriching activity, for example, Tsitsi Dangarembga, Chinua Achebe and Ngugi wa Thiong’o, to name a few, are prominent examples of African authors who have used their writing to address social issues, challenge societal norms, and advocate for human rights. Achebe’s novel “Things Fall Apart” explores the impact of colonialism on African society, while Gyasi’s novel “Homegoing” examines the legacy of slavery and colonialism in Africa and its diaspora.
Reading has become a potentially hazardous terrain due to the content that people consume daily. By being aware of the potential risks and taking steps to mitigate them, we can promote a healthier and more balanced reading culture that benefits individuals and society as a whole.
